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Units and Measurement MCQ Test
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Study Units and Measurement NCERT Question Answer
Q1.1 Fill in the blanks (a) The volume of a cube of side 1 cm is equal to …..m3 (b) The surface area of a solid cylinder of radius 2.0 cm and height 10.0 cm is equal to …(mm)2 (c) A vehicle moving with a speed of 18 km h–1 covers….m in 1 s (d) The relative density of lead is 11.3. Its density is ….g cm–3 or ….kg m–3.
Ans: (a) 10–6 ; (b) 1.5 × 104 ; (c) 5 ; (d) 11.3, 1.13 × 104.
Q1.2 Fill in the blanks by suitable conversion of units (a) 1 kg m2 s–2 = ….g cm2 s–2 (b) 1 m = ….. ly (c) 3.0 m s–2 = …. km h–2 (d) G = 6.67 × 10–11 N m2 (kg)–2 = …. (cm)3 s–2 g–1.
Ans: (a) 107 ; (b) 10–16 ; (c) 3.9 × 104 ; (d) 6.67 × 10–8.
Q1.3
Ans:
Q1.4 Explain this statement clearly: “To call a dimensional quantity ‘large’ or ‘small’ is meaningless without specifying a standard for comparison”. In view of this, reframe the following statements wherever necessary : (a) atoms are very small objects (b) a jet plane moves with great speed (c) the mass of Jupiter is very large (d) the air inside this room contains a large number of molecules (e) a proton is much more massive than an electron (f) the speed of sound is much smaller than the speed of light.
Ans: When any dimensional quantity is to be specified as large or small, it should always be relative. For example, a person weighing 150 kg might be heavy for us, but compared to weight of earth, it is negligible.
The sentences which require re frame are as follows:
(a) Atoms are very small objects compared to normal objects like duster, watch etc.
(b) A jet moves with great speed compared to a train.
(c) The mass of Jupiter is much more than the mass of earth.
(d) The air inside the room contains more molecules than entire human population of earth.
(e), (f) are complete
Q1.5 A new unit of length is chosen such that the speed of light in vacuum is unity. What is the distance between the Sun and the Earth in terms of the new unit if light takes 8 min and 20 s to cover this distance ?
Ans: 500
Q1.6 Which of the following is the most precise device for measuring length : (a) a vernier callipers with 20 divisions on the sliding scale (b) a screw gauge of pitch 1 mm and 100 divisions on the circular scale (c) an optical instrument that can measure length to within a wavelength of light ?
Ans: (c) an optical instrument that can measure length to within a wavelength of light ?
Q1.7 A student measures the thickness of a human hair by looking at it through a microscope of magnification 100. He makes 20 observations and finds that the average width of the hair in the field of view of the microscope is 3.5 mm. What is the estimate on the thickness of hair ?
Ans: 0.035 mm
Q1.8 Answer the following : (a)You are given a thread and a metre scale. How will you estimate the diameter of the thread ? (b)A screw gauge has a pitch of 1.0 mm and 200 divisions on the circular scale. Do you think it is possible to increase the accuracy of the screw gauge arbitrarily by increasing the number of divisions on the circular scale ? (c) The mean diameter of a thin brass rod is to be measured by vernier callipers. Why is a set of 100 measurements of the diameter expected to yield a more reliable estimate than a set of 5 measurements only ?
Ans:
(a) To measure the diameter of a thread, wrap it around a smooth rod in tight coils. Then, measure the total length of the thread and divide it by the number of coils. The diameter is equal to this quotient.
(b) Increasing the number of divisions on a screw gauge’s circular scale can improve its accuracy to a certain extent, but it doesn’t guarantee infinite precision. There are other factors that limit accuracy.
(c) A set of 100 measurements is generally more reliable than a set of 5 measurements because random errors tend to cancel each other out when there are more data points. This reduces the overall uncertainty in the result.
Q1.9 The photograph of a house occupies an area of 1.75 cm2 on a 35 mm slide. The slide is projected on to a screen, and the area of the house on the screen is 1.55 m2. What is the linear magnification of the projector-screen arrangement.
Ans: 94.1
Q1.10 State the number of significant figures in the following : (a) 0.007 m2 (b) 2.64 × 1024 kg (c) 0.2370 g cm–3 (d) 6.320 J (e) 6.032 N m–2 (f) 0.0006032 m2
Ans: (a) 1 ; (b) 3 ; (c) 4 ; (d) 4 ; (e) 4 ; (f) 4.
Q1.11 The length, breadth and thickness of a rectangular sheet of metal are 4.234 m, 1.005 m, and 2.01 cm respectively. Give the area and volume of the sheet to correct significant figures.
Ans: 8.72 m2; 0.0855 m3
Q1.12 The mass of a box measured by a grocer’s balance is 2.30 kg. Two gold pieces of masses 20.15 g and 20.17 g are added to the box. What is (a) the total mass of the box, (b) the difference in the masses of the pieces to correct significant figures ?
Ans: (a) 2.3 kg ; (b) 0.02 g
Q1.13 A famous relation in physics relates ‘moving mass’ m to the ‘rest mass’ mo of a particle in terms of its speed v and the speed of light, c. (This relation first arose as a consequence of special relativity due to Albert Einstein). A boy recalls the relation almost correctly but forgets where to put the constant c. He writes:
Guess where to put the missing c.
Ans: The correct formula is m = m0 (1 – v2/c2)–½
Q1.14 The unit of length convenient on the atomic scale is known as an angstrom and is denoted by Å: 1 Å = 10–10 m. The size of a hydrogen atom is about 0.5 Å. What is the total atomic volume in m3 of a mole of hydrogen atoms?
Ans: 3 × 10–7 m3
Q1.15 One mole of an ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure occupies 22.4 L (molar volume). What is the ratio of molar volume to the atomic volume of a mole of hydrogen ? (Take the size of hydrogen molecule to be about 1 Å). Why is this ratio so large ?
Ans: 104; intermolecular separation in a gas is much larger than the size of a molecule.
Q1.16 Explain this common observation clearly : If you look out of the window of a fast moving train, the nearby trees, houses etc. seem to move rapidly in a direction opposite to the train’s motion, but the distant objects (hill tops, the Moon, the stars etc.) seem to be stationary. (In fact, since you are aware that you are moving, these distant objects seem to move with you).
Ans: Near objects make greater angle than distant (far off) objects at the eye of the observer. When you are moving, the angular change is less for distant objects than nearer objects. So, these distant objects seem to move along with you, but the nearer objects in opposite direction.
Q1.17 The Sun is a hot plasma (ionized matter) with its inner core at a temperature exceeding 107 K, and its outer surface at a temperature of about 6000 K. At these high temperatures, no substance remains in a solid or liquid phase. In what range do you expect the mass density of the Sun to be, in the range of densities of solids and liquids or gases ? Check if your guess is correct from the following data : mass of the Sun = 2.0 × 1030 kg, radius of the Sun = 7.0 × 108 m.
Ans:
1.4 × 103 kg m-3; the mass density of the Sun is in the range of densities of liquids / solids and not gases. This high density arises due to inward gravitational attraction on outer layers due to inner layers of the Sun.
Chapter wise quiz of 11th class Physics MCQ
Chapter 1 Units and Measurements MCQ and NCERT Question Answer
1.1 Introduction
1.2 The international system of units
1.3 Significant figures
1.4 Dimensions of physical quantities
1.5 Dimensional formulae and dimensional equations
1.6 Dimensional analysis and its applications
Chapter 2 Motion in A Straight Line MCQ and NCERT Question Answer
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Instantaneous velocity and speed
2.3 Acceleration
2.4 Kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion
Chapter 3 Motion In A Plane MCQ and NCERT Question Answer
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Scalars and vectors
3.3 Multiplication of vectors by real numbers
3.4 Addition and subtraction of vectors – graphical method
3.5 Resolution of vectors
3.6 Vector addition – analytical method
3.7 Motion in a plane
3.8 Motion in a plane with constant acceleration
3.9 Projectile motion
3.10 Uniform circular motion
Chapter 4 Laws of Motion MCQ and NCERT Question Answer
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Aristotle’s fallacy
4.3 The law of inertia
4.4 Newton’s first law of motion
4.5 Newton’s second law of motion
4.6 Newton’s third law of motion
4.7 Conservation of momentum
4.8 Equilibrium of a particle
4.9 Common forces in mechanics
4.10 Circular motion
4.11 Solving problems in mechanics
Chapter 5 Work, Energy and Power MCQ and NCERT Question Answer
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Notions of work and kinetic energy : The work-energy theorem
5.3 Work
5.4 Kinetic energy
5.5 Work done by a variable force
5.6 The work-energy theorem for a variable force
5.7 The concept of potential energy
5.8 The conservation of mechanical energy
5.9 The potential energy of a spring
5.10 Power
5.11 Collisions
Chapter 6 System Of Particles And Rotational Motion MCQ and NCERT Question Answer
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Centre of mass
6.3 Motion of centre of mass
6.4 Linear momentum of a system of particles
6.5 Vector product of two vectors
6.6 Angular velocity and its relation with linear velocity
6.7 Torque and angular momentum
6.8 Equilibrium of a rigid body
6.9 Moment of inertia
6.10 Kinematics of rotational motion about a fixed axis
6.11 Dynamics of rotational motion about a fixed axis
6.12 Angular momentum in case of rotations about a fixed axis
Chapter 7 Gravitation MCQ and NCERT Question Answer
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Kepler’s laws
7.3 Universal law of gravitation
7.4 The gravitational constant
7.5 Acceleration due to gravity of the earth
7.6 Acceleration due to gravity below and above the surface of earth
7.7 Gravitational potential energy
7.8 Escape speed
7.9 Earth satellites
7.10 Energy of an orbiting satellite
